Bypass/Direct to PCI
| Level |
Direction |
Primary Outcome |
Patient/Process |
Setting |
Reference |
|
I
|
Supportive (Green)
|
6 year survival
|
Patient
|
OR
|
Hochman JS., Sleeper LA., Webb JG., et al. Early revascularization and long-term survival in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 2006; 295(21):2511-5. Medline
|
|
I
|
Supportive (Green)
|
1 year mortality
|
Patient
|
OR
|
Hochman JS., Sleeper LA., White HD., et al. One-year survival following early revascularization for cardiogenic shock. JAMA 2001; 285(2):190-2. Medline
|
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Prediction of death
|
Process
|
ED-MD
|
Hochman JS., Buller CE., Sleeper LA., Boland J., Dzavik V., Sanborn TA., et al. Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction--etiologies, management and outcome: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry. SHould we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries for cardiogenic shocK? J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36(3 Suppl A):1063-70. Medline
|
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Survival
|
Patient
|
ED-MD
|
Huang R., Sacks J., Thai H., et al. Impact of stents and abciximab on survival from cardiogenic shock treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2005; 65(1):25-33. Medline
|
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
30 day and 1 year mortality
|
Patient
|
|
Kunadian B., Vijayalakshmi K., Dunning J., et al. Should patients in cardiogenic shock undergo rescue angioplasty after failed fibrinolysis: Comparison of primary versus rescue angioplasty in cardiogenic shock patients. J Invasive Cardiol 2007; 19(5):217-23. Medline
|
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Inhospital mortality
|
Patient
|
PH-Paramedic
|
Lettieri C., Savonitto S., De Servi S., et al. Emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Early and medium-term outcome. Am Heart J 2009; 157(3):569-575. Medline
|
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
The main outcome measurements were 1) Total ischemic time, 2) in-hospital all-cause mortality, and 3) 1-year all-cause mortality.
|
Patient
|
|
Ortolani P., Marzocchi A., Marrozzini C., et al. Usefulness of prehospital triage in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2007; 100(5):787-92. Medline
|
|
II
|
Neutral (Yellow)
|
Mortality
|
Patient
|
|
Dauerman HL., Ryan TJ. Jr., Piper WD., et al. Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention among elderly patients in cardiogenic shock: A multicenter, decade-long experience. J Invasive Cardiol 2003; 15(7):380-4. Medline
|
|
II
|
Neutral (Yellow)
|
Survival
|
Patient
|
|
Hochman JS., Sleeper LA., Webb JG., Sanborn TA., White HD., Talley JD., et al. Early revascularization in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. SHOCK Investigators. Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock. N Engl J Med 1999; 341(9):625-34. Medline
|
|
II
|
Opposes (Red)
|
30-day mortality over age 75
|
Patient
|
|
Dzavik V., Sleeper LA., Picard MH., et al. Outcome of patients aged >or=75 years in the Should we emergently revascularize occluded coronaries in cardiogenic shocK (SHOCK) trial: Do elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock respond differently to emergent revascularization? Am Heart J 2005; 149(6):1128-34. Medline
|
|
III
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Patient survival
|
Patient
|
|
Kimura Y., Ohba K., Sumida H., et al. A survival case of cardiogenic shock due to left main coronary artery myocardial infarction: Successful cooperation with on-site percutaneous coronary intervention and helicopter emergency medical service. Intern Med 2012; 51(14):1845-50. Medline
|
|
X
|
Not Yet Graded (White)
|
-
|
|
|
Dzavik V., Sleeper LA., Cocke TP., et al. Early revascularization is associated with improved survival in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A report from the SHOCK trial registry. Eur Heart J 2003; 24(9):828-37. Medline
|
|
X
|
Not Yet Graded (White)
|
-
|
|
|
Jeger RV., Harkness SM., Ramanathan K., et al. Emergency revascularization in patients with cardiogenic shock on admission: A report from the SHOCK trial and registry. Eur Heart J 2006; 27(6):664-70. Medline
|
|
X
|
Not Yet Graded (White)
|
-
|
|
|
Sleeper LA., Ramanathan K., Picard MH., et al. Functional status and quality of life after emergency revascularization for cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46(2):266-273. Medline
|
Epinephrine
| Level |
Direction |
Primary Outcome |
Patient/Process |
Setting |
Reference |
|
II
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Adverse events
|
Process
|
PH-Paramedic
|
Patrick C, Ward B, Anderson J, Fioretti J, Rogers Keene K, Oubre C, et al. Prehospital Efficacy and Adverse Events Associated with Bolus Dose Epinephrine in Hypotensive Patients During Ground-Based EMS Transport. Prehospital & Disaster Med 2020; 35(5):495-500. Medline
|
|
II
|
Neutral (Yellow)
|
Refractory hypotension, rearrest, or death in the emergency department
|
Patient
|
ED-MD
|
Weiss A, Dang C, Mabrey D, Stanton M, Feih J, Rein L, et al. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes with Initial Norepinephrine or Epinephrine for Hemodynamic Support After Return of Spontaneous Circulation. Shock 2021. Medline
|
|
III
|
Supportive (Green)
|
Increase in SBP
|
Patient
|
PH-Paramedic
|
KA W, DM F. Efficacy of bolus-dose epinephrine to manage hypotension in the prehospital setting. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 50:71–5. Medline
|